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A pioneering work in comparative history and social science that compares population behavior in response to adversity in Europe and Asia.This highly original book--the first in a series analyzing historical population behavior in Europe and Asia--pioneers a new approach to the comparative analysis of societies in the past. Using techniques of event history analysis, the authors examine 100,000 life histories in 100 rural communities in Western Europe and Asia to analyze the demographic response to social and economic pressures. In doing so they challenge the accepted Eurocentric Malthusian view of population processes and demonstrate that population behavior has not been as uniform as previously thought--that it has often been determined by human agency, particularly social structure and cultural practice.The authors examine the complex relationship between human behavior and social and economic environment, analyzing age, gender, family, kinship, social class and social organization, climate, food prices, and real wages to compare mortality responses to adversity. Their research at the individual, household, and community levels challenges the previously accepted characterizations of social and economic behavior in Europe and Asia in the past. The originality of the analysis as well as the geographic breadth and historical depth of the data make Life Under Pressure a significant advance in the field of historical demography. Its findings will be of interest to scholars in economics, environmental studies, demography, history, and sociology as well as the general reader interested in these subjects.

Mortality --- Europe --- Asia --- Population --- Economic conditions --- AA / International- internationaal --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- ASI / Asia - Azië - Asie --- 331.100 --- 331.20 --- 307.13 --- 307.8 --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden. --- Sociale geschiedenis: algemeenheden. --- Statistieken van sterfte en sterftetabellen. --- Statistiek in verband met de levenskwaliteit. --- -Mortality --- -#SBIB:314H220 --- #SBIB:314H125 --- Mortality, Law of --- Mortaliteit: algemeen --- Regionale bevolkingsstudies: Azië, Midden-Oosten --- #SBIB:314H150 --- #SBIB:314H220 --- #SBIB:35H1310 --- Death --- Demography --- Death (Biology) --- Historische demografie en demografische historiek: algemeen --- Organisatie en beleid: intermediaire besturen: algemeen --- Asian and Pacific Council countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Economic conditions. --- Population. --- Mortalité --- Asie --- Conditions économiques --- SOCIAL SCIENCES/Sociology --- ECONOMICS/Trade & Development --- ECONOMICS/International Economics --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- Sociale geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- Statistieken van sterfte en sterftetabellen --- Statistiek in verband met de levenskwaliteit --- Mortality - Europe --- Mortality - Asia --- Europe - Population --- Asia - Population --- Europe - Economic conditions --- Asia - Economic conditions --- EUROPE --- ASIE --- MORTALITE --- POPULATION --- 18E SIECLE --- 19E SIECLE --- CONDITIONS ECONOMIQUES --- ASPECT ECONOMIQUE --- HISTOIRE --- Aspect économique.

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EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- BE / Belgium - België - Belgique --- 313 --- 339.21 --- 334.151.50 --- 202 --- 368.40 --- 307.8 --- Levenswijze en levensstandaard. Levensminimum. sociale indicatoren (Studiën). --- Ongelijkheid en herverdeling van vermogens en inkomens. Inkomensbeleid. --- Sociaal beleid : algemeenheden. --- Sociale organisatie. --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden. --- Statistiek in verband met de levenskwaliteit. --- Paiement de transfert --- -Social security --- -Transfer payments --- 369 EUR --- 364.22 EUR --- Armoede 330.521 --- securite sociale generalite --- Government transfer payments --- Payments, Transfer --- sociale zekerheid algemeen --- Income distribution --- Poor --- Social security --- Transfer payments --- ce --- lutte contre la pauvrete --- statistique --- Academic collection --- #SBIB:316.8H40 --- EG / Europese Unie 339.543EC/EU --- Sociale zekerheid 368.4 --- 364 --- Disadvantaged, Economically --- Economically disadvantaged --- Impoverished people --- Low-income people --- Pauperism --- Poor, The --- Poor people --- Persons --- Social classes --- Poverty --- Expenditures, Public --- National income --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- 364 Maatschappelijke hulpverlening --- Maatschappelijke hulpverlening --- eg --- armoedebestrijding --- statistiek --- Sociaal beleid: social policy, sociale zekerheid, verzorgingsstaat --- Economic conditions --- Accounting --- Sociale organisatie --- Statistiek in verband met de levenskwaliteit --- Levenswijze en levensstandaard. Levensminimum. sociale indicatoren (Studiën) --- Sociaal beleid : algemeenheden --- Ongelijkheid en herverdeling van vermogens en inkomens. Inkomensbeleid --- Sociale voorzorg en verzekeringen. Sociale zekerheid: algemeenheden --- Social security law --- Social stratification --- Social problems --- European Union --- Revenu --- Pauvres --- Sécurité sociale --- Répartition

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Het rijk van de schaarste is een zoektocht door de geschiedenis van de filosofie naar de wortels van de hedendaagse maatschappij. Hans Achterhuis concentreert zich daarbij op het fenomeen van de schaarste, door Thomas Hobbes gezien als 'de natuurlijke toestand van de mens'. Vanuit die invalshoek komen thema's aan de orde als wedijver, rechtvaardigheid en een eerlijke verdeling van natuurlijke hulpbronnen.De rondgang langs denkers uit de geschiedenis van de moderne sociale en politieke filosofie, van Thomas Hobbes tot Michel Foucault, laat zien hoe schaarste zich ontwikkelde tot een kernprobleem van de moderne samenleving. Achterhuis werkt dit uit in beschouwingen over de gezondheidszorg en de globale problematiek van honger en ondervoeding.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- sociale filosofie --- sociologie --- filosofie --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1999 --- Political science --- Scarcity --- Science politique --- Rareté (Economie politique) --- History --- Social aspects --- Histoire --- Aspect social --- economische behoeften --- politieke economie --- macht --- sociologie van de gezondheidszorg --- derdewereldproblematiek --- 321.01 --- 330.121 --- 141.7 --- #SBIB:17H20 --- #SBIB:321H30 --- #GGSB: Sociale wet. essays --- #gsdbf --- Z141.7 --- Z++95/11 --- #A9301A --- Economie --- Filosofie (geneeskunde) --- Filosofie (sociale) --- Voedselproblematiek --- 341 --- armoede (kansarmoede) --- dood --- economie --- gezondheidszorg (gezondheidsbeleid, sociale geneeskunde) --- levenskwaliteit (kwaliteit van leven) --- machtspatronen --- rolpatroon --- -Scarcity --- -Deficiency --- Shortages --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- 330.1 --- 33 --- 1 --- 301.17 --- 362.1 --- 327 --- Algemene staatsleer. Politieke filosofie. Staatsleer. Staatstheorie --- Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- Stelsels met betrekking tot de menselijke gemeenschap --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: algemeen --- Hedendaagse politieke en sociale theorieën (vanaf de 19de eeuw): algemeen (incl. utilitarisme, burgerschap) --- (zie ook: rouw) --- History. --- Social aspects. --- -330.1 --- 330.121 Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- 321.01 Algemene staatsleer. Politieke filosofie. Staatsleer. Staatstheorie --- 141.7 Stelsels met betrekking tot de menselijke gemeenschap --- -330.121 Economische schaarste. Zeldzaamheid. Behoeften --- Deficiency --- Rareté (Economie politique) --- History of theories --- Foucault, Michel --- Hobbes, Thomas --- Locke, John --- Marx, Karl --- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques --- Sociale wet. essays

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"This volume synthesizes past and current, international research on the quality of urban life. It emphasizes the contributions of the urban environment to the overall well-being of residents living in urban areas ranging in scale from small cities and their hinterlands to metropolitan regions. The term urban environment refers to the socio-physical aspects of urban living ranging from individual dwellings and neighborhoods to public services (i.e. transportation, rubbish collection, etc.) to neighbors and community organizations. The work emphasizes not only perceptions of and behaviors within urban environments but the actual conditions to which individuals are responding. The research covers both the subjective and behavioral aspects of urban living as well as the objective conditions which drive them. Drawing on collaborative research with a broad group of researchers in a variety of settings around the world, the book incorporates theoretical and methodological approaches to the conceptualizing and measuring of quality of life. It covers research designs that are based on both the analysis and modeling of aggregate secondary data and on the collection, analysis and modeling of primary survey data on subjective urban quality of life."--Publisher.

Qualitative methods in social research --- Social psychology --- Sociology --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Environmental planning --- Geography --- ruimtelijke ordening --- sociale psychologie --- sociologie --- steden --- culturele antropologie --- levenskwaliteit --- landenkunde --- quality of life. --- urban sociology. --- town planning. --- regional planning. --- urban habitat. --- social analysis. --- social indicator. --- socialinis rodiklis --- indicator social --- sociale indicator --- социален индикатор --- wskaźnik społeczny --- društveni pokazatelj --- sotsiaalne näitaja --- sociálny indikátor --- společenský ukazatel --- Sozialindikator --- sosiaalinen ilmaisin --- κοινωνικός δείκτης --- social indikator --- socialni kazalec --- sociālais rādītājs --- indicador social --- indicatore sociale --- táscaire sóisialta --- indicateur social --- szociális indikátor --- indikatur soċjali --- tregues social --- социјални показатељ --- општествен показател --- sociální indikátor --- társadalmi mutató --- sociální ukazatel --- социјален индикатор --- κοινωνική ανάλυση --- sociální analýza --- samhällsanalys --- družbena analiza --- Sozialforschung --- análisis sociológico --- social analyse --- analiză socială --- društvena analiza --- општествена анализа --- социален анализ --- anailís shóisialta --- друштвена анализа --- análise social --- analisi sociologica --- socialinė analizė --- analiza społeczna --- yhteiskunnallinen analyysi --- analiżi soċjali --- sociálna analýza --- analizë sociale --- sociālā analīze --- társadalmi elemzés --- sociale analyse --- analyse sociale --- sotsiaalne analüüs --- social research --- kërkim social --- društveno istraživanje --- sotsiaalne uuring --- sociální výzkum --- ricerca sociale --- gesellschaftliche Analyse --- recherche sociale --- szociális elemzés --- sociálny výskum --- cercetare socială --- szociális kutatás --- investigação social --- investigación social --- sociální rozbor --- socialiniai tyrimai --- társadalomkutatás --- social forskning --- společenský výzkum --- společenský rozbor --- yhteiskuntaa koskeva tutkimus --- sociālā pētniecība --- analýza společnosti --- urbano življenjsko okolje --- būstas mieste --- hábitat urbano --- városi lakóhely --- градска населена зона --- ħabitat urban --- habitat urban --- linnakeskkond --- gnáthóg uirbeach --- stadsboende --- beboelse i byer --- kaupunkielinympäristö --- αστική κατοικία --- stedelijk woonmilieu --- градско станиште --- habitat urbano --- bydlení ve městě --- habitat urbain --- mieszkanie w mieście --- städtisches Wohnmilieu --- живеалиште во град --- pilsētas dzīvojamā vide --- mestské prostredie --- gradsko obitavalište --- meio urbano --- mjedis urban --- kaupunkiasutus --- pilsētas dzīvojamo māju komplekss --- milieu urbain --- ambjent urban --- градска среда --- mestský obytný súbor --- zespół miejski --- asentamiento urbano --- urbano okolje --- градска средина --- medio urbano --- αστικό στεγαστικό συγκρότημα --- urban environment --- stedelijk milieu --- städtischer Lebensraum --- bymiljø --- miesto aplinka --- środowisko miejskie --- complexo residencial urbano --- ambiente urbano --- kaupunkimainen asutus --- stadsmiljö --- mestna stanovanjska skupnost --- urban settlement --- linnamiljöö --- urbanistinis darinys --- αστικό περιβάλλον --- insediamento urbano --- městské prostředí --- урбана средина --- kaupunkiympäristö --- linna elukeskkond --- städtische Wohnsiedlung --- mediu urban --- városias lakónegyed --- ansamblu rezidențial urban --- városi környezet --- stadsvestiging --- pilsētvide --- ensemble résidentiel urbain --- gradska sredina --- mestské životné prostredie --- vendbanime urbane --- градски жилищен комплекс --- městské sídliště --- planificación regional --- pleanáil réigiúnach --- reģionālā plānošana --- planowanie regionalne --- regional planlægning --- regionális tervezés --- regionale planning --- planeamento regional --- regionale Planung --- regionalno načrtovanje --- planifikim rajonal --- pianificazione regionale --- regioninis planavimas --- regionalno planiranje --- περιφερειακός προγραμματισμός --- regionaalplaneerimine --- planification régionale --- aluesuunnittelu --- regional planering --- regionální plánování --- регионално планиране --- регионално планирање --- planificare regională --- regionálne plánovanie --- pjanar reġjonali --- regionplan --- piirkondlik juhtimine --- regionálny plán --- assetto regionale --- reģionu pārvalde --- inter-regional planning --- regionális területrendezés --- tarpregioninis planavimas --- regionalno upravljanje --- интеррегионално планирање --- programim rajonal --- piano regionale --- příprava regionálních programů --- концепт за развој на регионот --- regionálne riadenie --- planificare teritorială --- regionálne programovanie --- διαπεριφερειακός προγραμματισμός --- план за развој на регионот --- piirkondlik programmitöö --- plán rozvoje regionů --- područno planiranje --- regioninis valdymas --- regionplanlægning --- interregional planering --- regionális programozás --- regionale Raumordnung --- plan régional --- alueellinen suunnitelma --- interregionale planning --- gewestplan --- territoriaalne planeerimine --- plan regional --- regionální plán --- planificación interregional --- regionsplan --- regionplanforslag --- регионално управување --- planeamento inter-regional --- interregional planlægning --- územné plánovanie --- регионална програма --- planifikim territorial --- regionální programování --- fastställande av regionalt program --- plano regional --- regionaal plan --- regional programming --- pianificazione del territorio --- teritoriální plánování --- směrnice hospodaření regionů --- regioninių programų rengimas --- regionale ruimtelijke ordening --- plan rajonal --- regionální management --- pianificazione interregionale --- piirkondlik arengukava --- περιφερειακή χωροταξία --- programmazione regionale --- ordenación regional --- teritoriālplānošana --- koncepce rozvoje regionů --- regional plan --- regionális terv --- Regionalplanung --- περιφερειακός σχεδιασμός --- територијално планирање --- starpreģionu plānošana --- piirkondadevaheline planeerimine --- aluekohtainen suunnittelu --- регионален план --- planificación del territorio --- regioninis planas --- meziregionální plánování --- Regionalplan --- alueellinen johto --- administrim rajonal --- ordenamento regional --- planification du territoire --- planifikim ndërrajonal --- gewestelijke planning --- programmation régionale --- medziregionálne plánovanie --- aménagement régional --- regionale Förderung --- territorial planning --- progetto regionale --- regionaal programma --- regionale studie --- územní program --- reģiona plāns --- περιφερειακό πρόγραμμα --- planification interrégionale --- regional management --- byplanlægning --- urbanistikë --- urbanizem --- stedenbouw --- várostervezés --- urbanism --- urbanistica --- urbanistyka --- stadsplanering --- yhdyskuntasuunnittelu --- ippjanar tal-ibliet --- urbanismo --- urbanisme --- pilsētplānošana --- urbanizam --- градоустройство --- πολεοδομία --- urbanismus --- linnaplaneerimine --- pleanáil baile --- miestų planavimas --- urbanizmus --- Stadtplanung --- урбанизам --- pianificazione urbana --- výstavba mesta --- politika urbanistického rozvoja --- planifikim urban --- stedelijke planning --- rozvoj miest --- városfejlesztési politika --- политика уређења урбаног простора --- stedebouw --- política urbana --- kaupunkisuunnittelu --- planowanie miast --- Stadtentwicklung --- politica orașului --- stadsarkitektur --- områdesplanering --- Stadtgestaltung --- politica urbana --- skemë planifikimi urban --- planeamento urbano --- Städteplanung --- linnaarendus --- gestión urbanística --- ordenamento urbano --- χωροταξία των πόλεων --- rozvoj mesta --- pianificazione delle città --- pianificazione delle aree urbane --- aménagement des villes --- sistematizare urbană --- planification urbaine --- zhvillim urbanistik --- bypolitik --- ordenamento das cidades --- kaupunkipolitiikka --- byplanlægningspolitik --- városfejlesztés --- community planning --- просторно и урбанистичко планирање --- várospolitika --- linnapoliitika --- урбанистичка политика --- prostorsko in urbanistično načrtovanje --- městské plánování --- politika tal-ippjanar tal-ibliet --- stedelijk beleid --- polityka zagospodarowania terenów miejskich --- városmegújítás --- градоустройствена политика --- politika rozvoje měst --- pjanifikazzjoni urbana --- urbanistična politika --- gradsko planiranje --- уредување и планирање на просторот --- politique d'aménagement urbain --- miestų plėtros politika --- ordenación urbana --- urban design --- kaupunkien kaavoitus --- urejanje urbanega prostora --- αστική χωροταξία --- πολεοδομική πολιτική --- polityka miasta --- урбано планирање --- политика на урбан развој --- politique de la ville --- ordenación de la ciudad --- urban planning --- stadsplanningsbeleid --- linnaarenduspoliitika --- уређење урбаног простора --- αστικός σχεδιασμός --- obecní politika --- Städtebaupolitik --- pilsētu attīstības politika --- urbanistické plánovanie --- taajama-alueen suunnittelu --- aménagement urbain --- city planning --- politikë e zhvillimit urban --- política de ordenación urbana --- rozvoj města --- stadsplaneringspolitik --- πολιτική για τις πόλεις --- politika urejanja urbanega prostora --- miesto politika --- town development --- miestų plėtra --- política das cidades --- urban development policy --- kaupunkisuunnittelupolitiikka --- assetto urbano --- градско планиране --- planificación urbana --- ippjanar urban --- politica di sviluppo urbano --- zagospodarowanie miast --- urbanistično načrtovanje --- zagospodarowanie przestrzenne miast --- политика на градско планиране --- politika urbanog razvoja --- урбанистичко планирање --- amenajarea orașelor --- miesto planas --- política urbanística --- planowanie przestrzenne miast --- arranjo urbanístico --- miestų teritorijų planavimas --- planificare urbană --- pilsētu socioloģija --- bysociologi --- градска социология --- социологија града --- stadssociologi --- αστική κοινωνιολογία --- urbana sociologija --- sociología urbana --- soċjoloġija urbana --- kaupunkisosiologia --- Soziologie städtischer Gemeinden --- sociologie urbaine --- sociologie urbană --- sociologie van het stadsleven --- sociologia urbana --- socheolaíocht uirbeach --- sociologija grada --- социологија на градот --- sociologji urbane --- sociológia mesta --- linnasotsioloogia --- városszociológia --- socjologia miasta --- miesto sociologija --- sociologie měst --- urbánní sociologie --- urban sociologi --- stadssociologie --- урбана социологија --- kvalita života --- qualidade de vida --- jakość życia --- качество на живота --- elukvaliteet --- calitatea vieții --- cilësia e jetës --- квалитет живота --- livskvalitet --- gyvenimo kokybė --- calidad de la vida --- dzīves kvalitāte --- kakovost življenja --- ποιότητα ζωής --- Lebensqualität --- kakvoća života --- qualità della vita --- qualité de la vie --- квалитет на живот --- kwalità tal-ħajja --- cáilíocht bheatha --- elämänlaatu --- életminőség --- kvaliteta života --- благосостојба